Symptoms
- Breathlessness with exertion, and eventually breathlessness all the time
-
Susceptibility to chest infections
-
Sputum produced with chronic bronchitis
-
Coughing
-
Fatigue
-
Expansion of the ribcage, due to over-expansion of the lungs
-
Cyanosis (a blue tinge to the skin) due to lack of oxygen
Causes
The main cause of emphysema is long-term, regular tobacco smoking. It may also be caused by marijuana smoking (much less common), exposure to air pollutions, factory fumes, coal and silica dust.